Development of a Model for Preventing Recurrent Suicide Attempts among Individuals with Suicidal Behaviors through Community Networks and Family Caregivers in Lopburi Province
Keywords:
Prevent Recurrent Suicide, community networks, family caregivers, post-crisis continuity of care, community mental healthAbstract
Objective: To examine the situation of care for individuals with suicidal behavior, to develop a model for preventing recurrent suicide attempts through community networks and family caregivers, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed model.
Methods: This research and development study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 involved qualitative research to explore the care situation for individuals with suicidal behavior using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Phase 2 focused on developing a recurrent suicide prevention model based on findings from Phase 1 and a literature review. Phase 3 evaluated the effectiveness of the model using a one-group quasi-experimental design. Purposive sampling was used to select participants, including 70 community network members, 40 individuals with suicide attempts, and 40 family caregivers. The research instruments included: (1) a questionnaire for community network members, (2) a questionnaire for family caregivers, (3) a community network satisfaction questionnaire, and (4) a suicide risk assessment form. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The developed model for preventing recurrent suicide attempts was the “Community & Caregivers 5C Model,” consisting of: C1: Crisis Continuity of Care – continuous care after a crisis C2: Communication Strategies – supportive communication strategies C3: Caregiver Participation – involvement of family caregivers C4: Community Networks and Social Support – community networks and social support C5: Collaboration with Mental Health Services – integration with mental health service systems. The effectiveness evaluation showed that community network members had significantly increased levels of knowledge and practices in preventing recurrent suicide attempts (p-value < 0.05) (12.4±1.3, 16.1±1.0), (32.7±1.0, 56.3±1.2). Family caregivers also demonstrated significantly improved knowledge and suicide prevention assistance (p-value < 0.05) (11.4±0.9, 14.8±0.7), (50.1±0.9, 63.7±0.4). The suicide risk level among individuals with suicide attempts significantly decreased (p-value < 0.05) (10.2±0.4, 7.8±0.3). Community network satisfaction was at a high level (40.2±0.6).
Conclusion: The developed model for preventing recurrent suicide attempts is effective in strengthening the capacity of community networks and family caregivers, as well as reducing the risk of repeated suicide attempts among individuals with suicidal behavior. The model also has the potential to be applied in other community contexts.
Keywords: Prevent Recurrent Suicide, community networks, family caregivers, post-crisis continuity of care, community mental health
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